M. Ojea (2023)
Abstract:
The initial sensory- attention perceptual processing in people with autism spectrum disorder forms a global analysis, but semantic content is limited, therefore, they need to complete their semantic understanding, through second analysis with purpose to encode a greater number of local details, units and/ or conceptual categories. This cognitive action developed through relational connections with concepts previously stored in permanent memory (semantic memory). Study has been designed a qualitative- quantitative triangulated way. The qualitative analysis is based on a textual- conceptual perceptual and visual-perceptual study, while the quantitative analysis has been achieved through non- parametric statistical comparative tests regarding to the grouped variable: “participants”. A total of 10 participants have collaborated in this study, 5 neurotypical participants and 5 participants with autism spectrum disorder, aged between 16-17 years old. The comparative analysis allows delimit partial differential aspects throughout study variables, according to participants´ group variable and, hence, the development of a new cognitive- perceptive theory of specific propositional processing to people with autism: Global Cyclic Theory has been concluded.
Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, Attention-cognition-perception, Semantic memory, Conceptual propositional theory.
References:
Allen, M. L., & Chambers, A. (2011). Implicit and explicit understanding of ambiguous figures by adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Autism, 15(4), 457–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361310393364
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3777342/
Caron, M. J., Mottron, L., Berthiaume, C., & Dawson, M. (2006). Cognitive mechanisms, specificity and neural underpinnings of visuospatial peaks in autism. Brain, 129, 1789–802. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16597652/
Frith, C. (2004). Is autism a disconnection disorder? The Lancet Neurology, 3(10), 577. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(04)00875-0
Frith, U. (1989). Autism: Explaining the enigma. Oxford: Blackwell.
Happé, F. G. (1999). Autism: Cognitive deficit or cognitive style? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3(6), 216–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(99)01318-2
Happé, F., & Frith, U. (2006). The weak central coherence account: Detail-focused cognitive style in autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 5–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-005-0039-0
Heaton, P., Pring, L., & Hermelin, B. (1999). A pseudo- savant: A case of exceptional musical splinter skills. Neurocase, 5, 503–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13554799908402745
Heaton, P., Williams, P., Cummins, O., & Happé, F. (2008). Autism and pitch processing splinter skills. A group and subgroup analysis. Autism, 12(2), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361307085270
Jolliffe, T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2001). A test of central coherence theory: Can adults with high- functioning autism or Asperger syndrome integrate objects in context? Visual Cognition, 8, 67–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546800042000124
Kern, J., Trivedi, M., Garver, C., Grannemann, B., Andrews, A., Savla, J., ... & Schroeder, J. (2006). The pattern of sensory processing abnormalities in autism. Autism, 10(5), 480–494. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361306066564
Mottron, L., & Burack, J.A. (2001). Enhanced perceptual functioning in the development of Autism. In J. A. Burack, T. Charman, N. Yirmiya & P. R. Zalazo (eds.), The development of autism: Perspectives from theory and research (pp. 131–48). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Mottron, L., Dawson, M., Soulières, I., Hubert, B., & Burack, J. (2006). Enhanced perceptual functioning in autism: An update, and eight principles of autistic perception. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(1), 27–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-005-0040-7
Ojea, M. (2017). Autisms spectrum disorder. Perceptual- cognitive information processing throughout of semantic networks creation. Madrid: Pirámide Ed.
Pennington, B. F., & Ozonoff, S. (1996). Executive functions and developmental psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37(1), 51–87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x
Plaisted, G. K., & Davis, G. (2009). Perception and apperception in autism: Rejecting the inverse assumption. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: Series B: Biological Sciences, 364(1522), 1393–1398. https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frstb.2009.0001
Plaisted, K., Swettenham, J., & Rees, L. (1999). Children with autism show local precedence in a divided attention task and global precedence in a selective attention task. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40(5), 733–42.
Rajendran, G., & Mitchell, P. (2007). Cognitive theories of Autism. Developmental Review, 27, 224–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2007.02.001
Rinehart, N. J., Bradshaw, J. L., Moss, S. A., Brereton, A. V., & Tonge, B. J. (2000). Atypical interference of local detail on global processing in high-functioning autism and Asperger’s disorder. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41(6), 769–78.
Rinehart, N., Bradshaw, J., Moss, S., Brereton, A., & Tonge, B. (2001). A deficit in shifting attention present in high- functioning autism but not Asperger’s disorder. Autism, 5(1) 67–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361301005001007
Russell, J. (1997). Autism as an executive disorder. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shah, A., & Frith, U. (1993). Why do autistic individuals show superior performance on the block design task? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 34(8), 1351–1364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb02095.x
Sheppard, E., Ropar, D., & Mitchell, P. (2009). Perceiving the impossible: How individuals with autism copy paradoxical figures. Autism, 13(4), 435–452. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361309105661
Wainwright, J. A., & Bryson, S. E. (1996). Visual- spatial orienting in Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26(4), 423–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02172827
Watling, R. I., Deitz, J., & White, O. (2001). Comparison of sensory profile scores of young children with and without autism spectrum disorders. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 55(4), 416–23. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.55.4.416
World Health Organization. (1993). ICD-10, the ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: diagnostic criteria for research. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/37108/9241544554.pdf?sequence=1
