SUPERACIÓN DEL AUTISMO O DIAGNÓSTICO INICIAL ERRÓNEO

 

Proceso perceptual de superación del trastorno del espectro autista o diagnóstico inicial erróneo

Por M. Ojea , agosto 2024

Capítulo de libro publicado en "Autismo. Uma abordagem multiprofesional", vol. 3(2) (pp. 29- 43). Guarujá, São Paulo, Brasil: Editora Científica Digital Ltda. ISBN: 978-65-5360-729-3. DOI:   10.37885/240817331

Resumen

El Trastorno del Espectro Autista se caracteriza por la presencia de particularidades en las redes neurales de la transmisión flexible de la información, que afecta a los niveles perceptivo- cognitivos y socio- conductuales. Esta investigación constituye un Estudio de Caso Único longitudinal realizado a lo largo de 32 años, estructurado en cinco intervalos- fases evolutivas (0–4.5; 4.6–9: 9.1–12; 12.1–16.5; 16.6–32 años de edad), que confirma la importancia de la influencia de las redes neurales sobre las demás variables que engloban el grupo sintomático del trastorno. Los cambios sucesivos diferenciales a través de las cinco fases de análisis, en relación con las variables “perceptivo”, “social” y “conducta” del análisis, son altamente significativos, que han sido hallados mediante la prueba comparativa de Friedam, mientras que la variable “nodos” se mantiene constante, con un nivel 0 de dificultad. Asimismo, como muestra el análisis de correlación de Pearson, las variables evolutivas del desarrollo se relacionan mutuamente de forma significativa para un nivel de .01 de significación estadística. Las conclusiones permiten confirmar que la variable relativa a la elaboración de relaciones nodales “nodos” influye de manera decisiva en la mejora evolutiva del resto de las variables analizadas, modificando progresivamente el grupo sintomático del trastorno, por lo que se señala que las variables neuropsicológicas del procesamiento neuropsicológico de la información, especialmente, aquellas variables relacionadas con la capacidad de elaboración de redes relacionales del procesamiento deben ser analizadas exhaustivamente de forma complementaria a los criterios socio- conductuales, recogidos en las clasificaciones actuales, para evitar posibles errores iniciales en las conclusiones diagnósticas.

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REMODELACIÓN NEURONAL COMO FACTOR PREDICTOR DEL TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA

Neuronal Remodelling as a Predictor of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis

Manuel Ojea & Lydia Castro 

Agosto, 2024

Abstract

People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are a neurodevelopmental symptom group characterized by significant deficits in information connectivity, mainly caused by specific genetic mutations affecting the fluency of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) system. This disruption, to a greater or lesser degree, hinders the interactive process of incoming stimuli with previously stored information, preventing working memory from fulfilling its role of facilitating access to information in permanent memory and later recovery. In addition to the genetic components, environmental processes occurring, above all, in early childhood, related to specific organic and severe psycho-emotional diseases can produce the same effects in the brain system as the genetic karyotypic component through the concept of neuronal remodelling. In this sense, this research aims to empirically show the influence of neuronal remodelling on the GABAergic pathway leading to the traits of autism spectrum behaviour.

A total of 175 participants from the three levels of ASD intensity have participated in this study. Data have been analysed through Linear Logistic Regression, which shows that both components, the genetic process and the environmental process, significantly influence the neural connective pathway that relates information, unlike other operationalized covariates, such as gender or age of the participants. Likewise, as shown by the Chi-Square Test, the interactions between genetic and environmental variables showed no differences in their interaction regarding the connectivity level that would explain the different levels of disorder. However, when there is a combination of genetic mutations in the diagnostic karyotype, there are significant differences between the genetic group and the environmental process over the neural network. 

Cite

Ojea, M., & Castro, L. (2024). Neuronal Remodelling as a Predictor of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 16(3), 74-75. DOI:10.5539/ijps.v16n3p74 https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijps/article/view/0/50560

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GENETICA Y REMODELACIÓN NEURONAL EN EL AUTISMO (GENETIC AND NEURONAL REMODELING IN AUTISM)

Genetic-Environmental Components Associated with the Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder 

            European Journal of Science, Innovation and Technology,4(3), 394-410, 2024. ISSN: 2786-4936.

https://ejsit-journal.com/index.php/ejsit/article/view/466

Por Lydia Castro y Manuel Ojea 

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ABSTRACT

The conceptual evolution of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a propositional configuration is defined as a multilateral process of neurodevelopment, based on a particular process determined by the presence of pyramidal neurons, which show a dendritic increase of alterations in the system of neuronal connections, which form a regulatory network of pyramidal glutamatergic activity. The etiology is basically due to multiple possible genetic mutations or environmental processes which, in turn, may cause specific neuronal remodeling, determined by certain psycho-organic conditions, whose consequences are observed in the GABAergic cerebral connexional pathways.

The scope of this study is to verify the significance of factorial clustering that directly or indirectly affect the genetic mutation process as an explanatory basis for the etiology of autism spectrum disorder and, consequently, to be able to establish major empirical predictions about the presence of this disorder associated cluster.

A total of 116 participants with autism have collaborated in this study, elaborated from the factorial dimensional reduction of the independent variables, which have been factorially reduced to two factors: "Disease" and "GENETIC", as explanatory dimensions of the etiology of the autistic disorder formed by the variable "level" (levels 1-2-3) (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013) of the disorder. The study forms the analysis of groupings of belonging of the cases, according to the parametric statistical technique of hierarchical clustering through the Ward method, contrasted by means of an ordinal regression analysis of the logit link in order to elaborate the grouping of cases according to their particularities, which are corroborated by an ordinal regression analysis according to the logit calculation for the basic conceptual variable that configures the current neuropsychological development of autism, in relation to the capacity of elaboration of neural networks or nodes during information processing, which has been operationalized with the name of "nodes". Finally, comparative t-studies of the findings in both factors in relation to the variables sex and age of the participants were carried out.

The results concluded with the configuration of three differential clusters, which have been corroborated by a one-factor ANOVA analysis, which has indicated significant critical levels for the two factors (sig: .00). The contrasts of the ordinal regression analysis corroborated the goodness of fit of the factors as explanatory components of the etiology of the disorder (sig: .00), which have been duly corroborated by the ordinal regression analysis for these same etiological factors and the consequent statistical process of neural networks by means of the multilayer perceptron procedure. Likewise, no significant differential comparative t levels have been observed in the predictive results referring to the levels of the explanatory variance of the etiology of the diagnosis of autism as a function of the variables sex and age.

COMORBIDITY ANALYSIS ON PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

 

BOOK TITLED: 

Comparative differential study of comorbid symptomatic groups associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis

Manuel Ojea, Lydia Castro, Lourdes Rivas & Tania Justo (July, 2024). 

Wilmington, DE: Generis Publishing Ed. ISBN: 979-8-89248-450-3

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BOOK CHAPTER: AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER SCALE-R

 

CONFERENCE PROCEDINGS

CIVINEDU 2024

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH:
AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER SCALE- REVISED (pp. 10-16. July, 2024). 

By Manuel Ojea Rúa

ISBN 978-84-126060-2-7. 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58909/adc24377766

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ANÁLISIS PREDICTIVO DE LOS COMPONENTES PRINCIPALES QUE CONFIGURAN EL TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA

PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS THAT CONFIGURE AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER

Por Manuel Ojea Rúa

European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 2(3), 779-791. 2024

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Abstract

At currently, developments regarding to autism spectrum disorder have enabled its diagnostic group to be defined as a multilateral neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by peculiarities in the procedural functioning of perceptual-cognitive parameters, derived from a characteristic connexional form in the pathway of interconnection between intrinsic information and contextual stimuli. In this characteristic process, neuronal networks are involved a fundamental processing task for working memory to be able to perform the set of executive functions with a certain degree of stability, which is severely limited in people diagnosed with this disorder. In this study, the reports of 403 participants diagnosed with the disorder were analysed with the following basic goals: 1) to analyse the relationship between relational deficits and the elaboration of semantic content, 2) to analyse the etiological attribution of the GABAergic pathway responsible for the limitations in these connections and, consequently, 3) to conclude the main predictive-explanatory level of this disorder. The data have been found by means of different statistical tests, both initial correlational tests, statistical calculation processes, univariate one-factor ANOVA tests and final consequential ordinal multinomial logit regression tests. Data found allow us to delimit that the regression equation of the model fitting information explaining the disorder shows a final logit model chi-square: 217.23, with a significant associated critical level (sig: .00), which are complemented by the significantly positive Pearson and Deviance data significantly related to the logit level (sig: .00), which confirms the importance of the predictive-explicative level of the neuronal and semantic variables derived from the GABAergic limitations in order to be able to be converted into the main propositional components of autism as a highly related neurocognitive systemic process. 

TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA: ROMPIENDO MUROS

LIBRO PUBLICADO POR EDITORIAL CLUB UNIVERSITARIO (Alicante, mayo 2024)
ISBN: SKU 978-84-127042-4-2
AUTOR: Manuel Ojea Rúa 
Páginas: 428

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Trastorno del espectro autista: rompiendo muros:

El libro titulado Trastorno del espectro autista: rompiendo muros comprende un relato biográfico-etnográfico enmarcado dentro de los análisis de investigación empíricos de los estudios de caso y realizado a lo largo de treinta y dos años de la evolución vital de Cristian (nombre ficticio).

Para facilitar la comprensión del manual, su desarrollo longitudinal ha sido estructurado en cinco intervalos evolutivos, correspondientes a la edad de Cristian: 1) 0-4.5 años, 2) 4.6-9 años, 3) 9.1-12 años, 4) 12.1-16.5 años y 5) 16.6-32 años. Para cada uno de los intervalos de edad indicados, se han analizado exhaustivamente

dos dimensiones específicas básicas, cada una de las cuales comprende el desarrollo de cinco subdimensiones o componentes principales de estudio, que conforman el funcionamiento neuropsicológico de la información del desarrollo humano, más específicamente centrado en las hipótesis del procesamiento de las personas con

autismo: I) la dimensión evolutivo-conductual: 1) el desarrollo del lenguaje, 2) el tipo de comunicación social, 3) el análisis de la interacción social, 4) el estudio de los comportamientos restrictivos y 5) el análisis de los comportamientos estereotipados; y II) la dimensión perceptivo-cognitiva: 1) el análisis de la atención-ercepción, 2) el estudio del proceso de codificación conductual, 3) el análisis de la creación de categorías, 4) el estudio de las relaciones nodales neuropsicológicas y 5) el estudio de la capacidad de elaboración y recuperación de la información existente en la memoria semántica.

El estudio ha sido complementado con un análisis comparativo perceptivocognitivo entre personas pertenecientes al grupo diagnóstico del autismo en relación con personas neurotípicas, lo cual ha permitido concluir con la elaboración de una nueva teoría conceptual que conforma el procedimiento perceptivo-cognitivo altamente específico de las personas con autismo, denominado teoría cíclica global (TCG) o teoría proposicional perceptivo-cognitiva.

El libro pone de manifiesto que un diagnóstico específico aparantemente claro en las primeras fases del desarrollo de Cristian habría sido un grave error ya en la tercera fase de su desarrollo si solo se tienen en cuenta los criterios evolutivo- conductuales de las clasificaciones actuales, lo cual permite construir nuevas teorías proposicionales sobre el concepto del autismo.

AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER DIAGNOSTIC SCALE- REVISED

 

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND INNOVATION CONFERENCE FORUM

Autism spectrum disorder diagnostic scale - revised

PhD. Manuel Ojea Rúa
University of Vigo

 

Abstract
Empirical progress in the conceptual ambit of autism spectrum disorder configures the propositional content of this disorder on the basis of the presence of specific deficits in the transmission of information, owing to limitations in the elaboration of inter-informational relational neural- nodes, which impairs the executive-cognitive dimension at the semantic level. In this sense, the perceptual-cognitive system of neuro-psycho-biological information processing is the basic explanatory element of the disorder, which influences observable social- behaviours, as highlighted in currently international classifications. However, most diagnostic scales and tests are based almost exclusively on observable socio-behavioural behaviours, so the aim of this study is to construct a diagnostic scale based on the perceptual-cognitive principles of the global cyclical theory in order to more effectively delimit the diagnostic level of the disorder.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diagnosis, Neural Networks, Global Theory.

---

Escala de diagnóstico del trastorno del espectro autista- revisada

Resumen
Los avances empíricos en el ámbito conceptual del trastorno del espectro autista, configuran el contenido proposicional de este trastorno en base a la presencia de déficits específicos en la transmisión de la información, debido a las limitaciones en la elaboración nodos neurales relacionales inter- informativos, lo que dificulta la dimensión ejecutivo- cognitiva a nivel semántico. En este sentido, el sistema perceptivo- cognitivo del procesamiento neuropsico- biológico de la información conforma el elemento explicativo básico del trastorno, el cual influye sobre los criterios socio- conductuales observables, recogidas por las actuales clasificaciones internacionales. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las escalas y test de diagnóstico se basan casi exclusivamente en las conductas socio- conductuales observables, por lo que el objetivo de este estudio es construir una escala de diagnóstico, basada en los principios perceptivo- cognitivos de la teoría cíclica global para delimitar con mayor eficacia el nivel de diagnóstico del trastorno.

Palabras clave: Trastorno del Espectro Autista, Diagnóstico, Relaciones–Neurales, Teoría Global.

ACCESO AL VÍDEO

https://youtu.be/AXGkYvSWDLQ

https://www.civinedu.org/conference/400-to-600-p-m-virtual-presentations-s1a/s1a2-autism-spectrum-disorder-diagnostic-scale-revised/#post-6131

APRENDIZAJE ESCOLAR

PLANIFICACIÓN ANTICIPADA DE LA ENSEÑANZA- APRENDIZAJE O COSTRUCCIÓN ACTIVA

Diario La Región

8/0//2024

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE PERCEPTIVE-COGNITIVE SCALE AND THE EVOLUTIVE- BEHAVIOURAL SCALES TO AUTISM DIAGNOSIS

Comparative analysis between the perceptive- cognitive and the evolutive- behavioural scales to autism diagnosis. 

International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 13(4), 75-81.

Prof. Manuel Ojea Rúa

University of Vigo
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-2520

ABSTRACT:

The theoretical- propositional changes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from  generalized structural deficit conception of development towards a multilateral  conceptual basis of neurodevelopmental, it has allowed the evolution of the test and scales to score the items-criteria that make up this disorder from a perspective, not only evolutionary-behavioural, but also perceptual-cognitive and neural-nodal relational, therefore, in this sense, then new scales construction in order to complement evolutive and behavioural analysis with the exhaustive neurocognitive functional study, especially, focused on the synaptic neural processes of the information processing. Right, in this study has been proposed as a general aim to compare the diagnostic conclusions gotten justly the application of the evolutionary- behavioural scales and the integrated complementation of the perceptual-relational-cognitive from the scales based on the analysis of executive processing deepening about.  A total of 24 students have participated in this study to, 6 participants with a previous diagnosis who haven´t presented ASD´ diagnosis from the conventional scales, 9 with diagnosis of ASD-1 level, 6 with diagnosis of ASD-2 level and 3 with diagnosis of ASD-3 according the application of the evolutionary scales. The study complemented with the Revised Perceptual-Cognitive Scale has been analysed throughout non-parametric statistical test by Friedman and Kruskal Wallis. Data found have indicated significant changes over initial diagnostic conclusions, which have been found significant critical differential comparative levels regarding to initial diagnostic group to .05 reliability level. 

KEYWORDS: Autism Spectrum Disorder. Diagnosis. Perceptive- Cognitive. Relational Nodes. 

ESCALA DE DIAGNÓSTICO DEL AUTISMO

 

OURENSE- GALICIA 

Entrevita: 2 de abril, día internacional del autismo

https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.facebook.com/share/v/EK8csuLBRy3dp1c2/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!QyGrYh5zlJfwwBdQrkvwbfQ4j6MYbbh0rVmJZS2-ct-pSCN1iTp48qLhrKcXJ60fI9iRIb6RQH7K8s0EzQ$

DIARIOS: "LA VOZ DE GALICIA" y "FARO DE VIGO": "Alicia, una de las tres mil caras del trastorno autista en Ourense".

2 DE ABRIL DE 2024
DÍA MUNDIAL DEL AUTISMO: 

LA VOZ DE GALICIA, 3 DE ABRIL DE 2024

El prof. Manuel Ojea Rúa expone las últimas investigaciones científicas relacionadas con el trastorno del espectro autista:

                            FARO DE VIGO- OURENSE:

2 DE ABRIL DE 2024: DÍA INTERNACIONAL DEL AUTISMO

CELEBRANDO EL DÍA MUNDIAL DEL AUTISMO: 2 DE ABRIL DE 2024

CONCRECIÓN DE LA TEORÍA CÍCLICA GLOBAL EN LAS PERSONAS CON TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA (SESIÓN II)

Prof. Dr. Manuel Ojea Rúa

Ver vídeo explicativo:

En la compañía de familias y profesionales de la psicología, la educación y la medicina:

LA TEORÍA CÍCLICA GLOBAL (TCG)

 INICIACIONES A LA NUEVA TEORÍA PROPOSICIONAL DEL TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA (LA TCG)

Autor: Manuel Ojea Rúa

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ESCALA DE DIAGNÓSTICO- REVISADA (DIAGNOSTIC SCALE-REVISED)

Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Scale- Revised. 

European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 2(2), 382-395.

 Manuel Ojea Rúa

See  fully article

Abstract 

The main aim of this study is to empirically prove the Diagnostic Accuracy Scale to diagnosis of people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the sample of participants has been extended, paying special attention to students over 14 years of age, adapting the activities and, therefore, the indices-criteria of the observation factors. A total of 94 students have participated in the study, whose coded data allow us to corroborate the data found in the initial scale, facilitating a precise and exhaustive diagnosis of the disorder by levels.

The diagnostic conclusions were based on the gaussian curve found from the typical scores obtained from the direct scores obtained in the ten dimensions of the analysis, made up of three dimensional categories, whose percentage weighting is as follows: 1) the procedural category (60%), 2) the social dimensional category (20%), and 3) the behavioural dimensional category (20%), the overall sum of which allows the diagnostic conclusions of the disorder to be drawn, both at a general level and according to the specific level of ASD. The percentage levels are justified by the empirical studies of the study. Thus, the stepwise linear regression analysis carried out includes two dimensions corresponding to the procedural category as basic predictors of the disorder: I) semantic retrieval (Beta: .90, R²: .82), and II) relationship between retrieval (Beta: .57) and interconcepts or relationships (R²: .82). 57) and interconcepts or relationships between information (Beta: .35), being the overall constant (Beta: .92, R²: .84), ahead of the social or behavioural dimensions, which supports the importance of the procedural dimension, especially related to the development of nodes or relationships between information content in determining the specific criteria for the diagnosis of ASD.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diagnosis, Cognitive Networks, Global Theory.

Keywords:

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diagnosis, Cognitive Networks, Global Theory

Keywords:

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diagnosis, Cognitive Networks, Global Theory

Keywords:

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diagnosis, Cognitive Networks, Global Theory

LA FP BÁSICA: UNA TRAMPA EN LA DIVERSIDAD

LA FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL BÁSICA: LA ALTERNATIVA FALLIDA A LA EDUCACIÓN CONVENCIONAL EN EL ALUMNADO CON NEAE

Manuel Ojea Rúa
 

Diario LA REGIÓN, 13/03/2024

FP Básica: la incoherencia de la FP actual... seguir leyendo 

PÓSTER PRESENTADO AL CONGRESO AUTISMO PUEBLA (MÉXICO)

 CONGRESO AUTISMO PUEBLA (MÉXICO)

LA TEORÍA CÍCLICA GLOBAL EXPLICATIVA DEL PENSAMIENTO EN PERSONAS CON TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA

Prof. Dr. Manuel Ojea Rúa

Con la colaboración de Lourdes Rivas Otero

PROGRAMAS DE ATENCIÓN A LA DIVERSIDAD O METODOLOGÍA DIDÁCTICA REGULAR (INSTITUTIONAL PROJECTS OF DIVERSITY VS. REGULAR DIDACTIC)

              Volume 07 Issue 02 February 2024

Institutional Projects of Diversity Attention versus Regular Didactic Methodology Adapted to Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

PhD. Manuel Ojea Rúa

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-2520

DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v7-i02-23

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Zenodo Link : https://zenodo.org/records/10664584

Europub Link  :  https://europub.co.uk/articles/730903

Index Copernicus Link : https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/article?articleId=3840209

ABSTRACT

The teaching and learning of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) requires the design of diversity projects at the different institutional levels of the educational centre. However, if these projects are not well adapted to the specific needs of the students, they will not achieve the expected effective results. In a study conducted with a total of 145 participants from different schools, it was shown that the presence of specific institutional educational projects was not a sufficient condition to respond effectively to the needs of the participants, whose curricular and social improvements were not shown to be significant (sig: .66). Even in the absence of these high-scale projects, when the usual methodology was well adapted to the specific needs of students with ASD, the improvements found in the academic and social, that´s coded as dependent variable (DV): improving, domains were highly significant (sig: .00) in terms of the use of meaningful didactics based on the creation of networks of relationships between informative content or highly meaningful learning. Now, the interactive constant of both components, i.e. the intersection of a project design when these have been appropriately adapted to the particular needs, then both variables became the explanatory variance of the academic and social of DV of students with ASD (constant t for the sum of nodal relationships + project: 3.70 (sig: .00), to which was added the explanatory variance of the students' age intervals (constant t for the sum of nodal relationships + project + age: 4.07, sig: .00): 3.70 (sig: .00), to which was also added the explanatory variance of the students´age intervals (constant t for the sum of nodal relationships + project + age: 4.07, sig: .00). 70 (sig: .00), to which the explanatory variance of the students´ age intervals were also added (constant t for the sum of nodes + project + age: 4.07, sig: .00). In conclusion, the design of general institutional projects, even if they cover all levels of education, are not effective on their own unless they are specifically tailored to the particular needs of the target student’s variable: “improving”.

KEYWORDS:

Autism spectrum disorder. Significant learning. Educational projects. Adapted regular teaching.