DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS OF FOUR TEACHING- LEARNING MODELS APPLYING TO STUDENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

 International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)

Por Manuel Ojea (2025)

Differential Analysis of Four Teaching-Learning Models Applying to Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI), Volume 14 Issue 5 || May 2025 || PP. 164-171. ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714. www.ijhssi.org

https://www.ijhssi.org/vol14-issue5.html

https://www.ijhssi.org/papers/vol14(5)/1405164171.pdf

ABSTRACT

Conceptually, autism spectrum disorder is shaped a disability linked to neurodevelopmental developmental disorders, regarding to the information transmission through the functional system of gamma-aminobutyric acid or GABAergic system, which is observed throughout deficits in the communication area, social interaction and restrictive behaviours, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (DSM-5) of the American Psychiatric Association (2013) (APA). This study analyzed the implementation of greater or lesser intensity in applying regarding four teaching-learning models will be able encourage the overall development of this diagnostic group. Results showed that educational models based on projects, through the higher intensity of cooperative learning among peers, combined with a partial support process, increased the cognitive and curricular development of this population, which, in fact, was observed in the critical levels of significance tested through Kruskal-Wallis Test analysis.

KEY WORDS: 

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Educational Models, Deductive and Relational Abilities, Mechanical and Meaningful Memory.

2 DE ABRIL DE 2025: "DÍA INTERNACIONAL DEL AUTISMO": AUTSMO Y ESTRATEGIAS DIDÁCTICO- METODOLÓGICAS

 

AUTISMO Y ESTRATEGIAS DIDÁCTICAS BASADAS EN LAS ESCUELAS DEMOCRÁTICAS

La Región, 2 de abril de 2025: "DÍA INTERNACIONAL DEL AUTISMO"

Diario La Región "Xornal Escolar", 2 de abril de 2025.

BEHAVIOURAL IMPROVEMENT OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

 

 Behavioural Improvement of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder

• Manuel Ojea Rúa & Andrea
•  Vieira Vázquez

Language, Literature and Education: Research Updates Vol. 2, 20 March 2025 , Page 117-136

https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/lleru/v2/4016

Published: 2025-03-20

Abstract
People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are defined by the International Classification of Mental Disorders. The basic aim of this study is to prove whether an integrated psycho-pedagogical program, structured in accordance with the psychosocial and educational mediation model, would lead to greater behavioural and educational action training in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The program has basically focused on psycho-cyto-cognitive mediation criteria, based on the progressive creation of neural networks and connections between information and acquired behaviours according to the particular needs of people with ASD selected according to the basic competencies initially assessed. An experimental research design on three measures has been based, on one pre-test (I), and two post-tests (II-III) was realized. A total of 14 children with ASD participated in the intervention program specific ad hoc applied for two years. Results found through comparative analysis Friedman Test and Multivariate Tests Within- Subjects Effects, showed that the intensive intervention improved children´s behaviour and their functional adaptation to the context and, in conclusion, social life and inclusion improved. More experiments and larger data sets will be needed however the indications are there that a collective learning environment needs to be created, therefore this is a very timely paper. This can be tested further. In conclusion, the integrated program can be considered an effective intervention to promote the development of social skills.
Keywords: 

• Spectrum disorder
 
• behaviour skills
 
• social abilities
 
• social mediation
 
• neural networks.
  
  

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CLAVES PSICONEUROLÓGICAS PARA EL DESARROLLO EN PERSONAS CON AUTISMO

Elementos- clave para desarrollar relaciones cognitivas entre la información entrante y el contenido previo en personas con trastorno del espectro autista para facilitar el desarrollo del aprendizaje (publicado en en el Xornal Escolar, La Región, 29-01-2025).

NEXOS PSICONEUROLÓGICOS PARA EL APRENDIZAJE EN PERSONAS CON TEA

NEW CONCEPTUAL PARADIGM OF AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER (NUEVO PARADIGMA CONCEPTUAL DEL TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA)

Artículo publicado en la Revista Científica: International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 07(10), 8098-8109.

Article published in the Scientific Journal: International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 07(10), 8098-8109.

Manuel Ojea Rúa, 31-10-2024

New Conceptual Paradigm of Autistic Spectrum Disorder

Manuel Ojea Rúa, PhD. University of Vigo, Spain, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-2520.

ABSTRACT: The two dimensions currently included in international classifications should include a third defining dimension, regarding to the analysis of intensity of needs relationship to the main parameters of psychoneural information processing, within the so-called processual dimension: - perception and sensory memory, - encoding and categorical grouping, - access of information to permanent memory, and - recovery of information in semantic terminology. These new criteria constitute basic elements governing the neurocerebral process in a global sense, which will allow the persistence or improvement of observable social and restrictive-stereotyped behaviours related to the two dimensions included in the currently classifications. An exhaustively analysed Case Study in all its evolution over 32 years, has allowed successive comparative analyses regarding the differential phases with the specific autistic diagnosis, whose final results allowed confirming new paradigmatic findings of new paradigmatic definitions of autistic disorder, its differential diagnostic processing and, therefore, the new specific kinds of psychoeducational intervention. 

KEY WORDS: Autistic Spectrum Disorder. New paradigm. Conceptual- propositional. Diagnosis. Intervention pycho- social and educational.

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ESCALA PERCEPTIVO-COGNITIVA DE DIAGNÓSTICO DEL TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA-REVISADA (EPPC-TEA-R)

ESCALA PERCEPTIVO- COGNITIVA DE DIAGNÓSTICO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA- REVISADA (EPPC-TEA-R) 

(Ojea, 2024)

Editorial Científica Digital LTDA (Guarajá - São Paulo - Brasil)

Síntesis:

De acuerdo con los avances científicos en el ámbito del diagnóstico y la intervención de las personas con trastorno del espectro autista, las teorías proposicionales más actuales del trastorno se basan en concepciones de tipo sistémico cíclico, que giran en torno al funcionamiento de los presupuestos básicos neuropsicológicos del procesamiento de la información. En este sentido, desde el primer momento en que se produce la entrada del estímulo informativo, a través de la memoria sensorial, hasta su almacenamiento en la memoria permanente y su posterior recuperación, se lleva a cabo un complejo entramado de redes relacionales para el funcionamiento procesual, de forma que cualquier limitación o bloqueo en la creación de estas relaciones nodales pueden generar importantes alteraciones en el sistema del procesamiento neuronal a nivel general. En efecto, en las personas con trastorno del espectro autista se producen particularidades específicas en el conjunto de los niveles de procesamiento cognitivo, debido precisamente a la presencia evidente de limitaciones interconexionales o relacionales en el sistema de conexiones GABAérgico del sistema cerebral, lo que ha sido refutado por múltiples investigaciones empíricas en la actualidad. Esta Escala de diagnóstico intenta, pues, realizar un análisis exhaustivo de todos los niveles funcionales perceptivo- cognitivos y las redes relacionales que giran sobre su funcionalidad, con el fin de complementar los estudios de diagnóstico evolutivo- conductuales, recogidos por las clasificaciones internacionales en la actualidad y, en consecuencia, aportar un instrumento de evaluación específico, que, como se muestra en la justificación empírica, se ha corroborado con un elevado nivel de fiabilidad y eficacia para proceder a una conclusión diagnóstica del trastorno, tanto a nivel general, como en relación a los tres niveles de necesidad de la categorización actual del trastorno.

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BOOK CHAPTER 2024

Comparative Study of Three Psycho-Socio- Educational Intervention Models to Facilitate the Comprehensive Development of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (https://stm.bookpi.org/DHRNI-V7/article/view/15916). In Ahmed Kamal Dyab, Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 7, 9 (pp. 138-159). BP International. 

https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v7/2440
ISBN 978-93-48119-82-7 (Print)
ISBN 978-93-48119-84-1 (eBook)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v7

Por Manuel Ojea Rúa

Abstract

The Psychosocial Mediation Model is not exclusive of the need for service provision, nor of the elaboration of specific programs, but it emphasizes professional and formative empowerment, in order to generate the competencies needed by teachers and families for adequately addressing students in their context, trying to provide a global response to demanding situations. This research consists of a comparative analysis of the results obtained in the development of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) found as a consequence of the application of three basic models of educational guidance: 1) the Psychosocial Mediation Model; 2) the Counselling Model; and 3) the Services Model, delivered through services developed over three years, distributed across three experimental groups corresponding to each of these guidance models.

A total of 18 students with ASD of different levels, ages, and genders participated in the study, assigned to one of the three following groups: a social mediation model group, a counselling model group, and a services model group.

A study of the data was undertaken by analysing the multivariate contrasts of repeated measures ANOVA for a factor of three measures, both for the variable group types (three groups), as well as for the participants’ level, age, and gender variables.

Results show the statistically significant benefits of the social mediation model. Indeed, data found over three successive measurements indicate that in the third comparative measure, the Psychosocial Mediation Model shows comparative improvements, corroborated by significantly higher statistical means in regard to the other educational models, being mean for the Psychosocial Mediation Model (µ: 4.00), in relation to the control models, the Counselling Model (µ: 2.66) and the Services Model (µ: 2.33), whose critical values are statistically significantly different between the three models. However, when the ASD level interacts with the intervention model applied, the differences found do not show significant critical statistics, mainly in ASD level-3. The neurocognitive processing levels will affect psychosocial integral development, both the learning process itself and the development of social interaction and communication skills and the positive development of restrictive behaviours observable in people with ASD.

Keywords: 

• Autism spectrum disorders
 
• educational counselling
 
• social mediation
 
• psychoeducational intervention.